Metacognition and Reflection in ITS: increasing awareness to improve learning

This paper describes ongoing research that is developing a computer− based learning system called the Reflection Assistant. The system is designed to monitor and scaffold students’ use of metacognitive skills in a problem−solving context. The rationale behind it is that to develop good problem solvers, it is necessary to focus as much on the metacognitive processes of problem solving as on the cognitive ones. Students interact with the Reflection Assistant before, during and after problem−solving sessions. The system will help students to (1) understand the problem, (2) evaluate its relation to previous problems solved and its importance to the topic under study, (3) plan their actions, and (4) monitor their use of available study resources. The main goal of this research is to find new ways to enhance students’ awareness of the learning processes. The hypothesis is that through reflective activities students can improve their metacognitive skills during problem−solving. As a consequence, their ability to transfer skills to new learning situations can be increased. The paper outlines the overall research plan and the outcomes expected.